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Tofu (For Carnivores...) ?

I am a meat-eater who is interested in cooking more vegetarian meals (healthier, variety, and often, quite a bit cheaper!). Last night I made a red bell-pepper and poblano chili soup (delicious), and I was thinking of making some kind of veggie kabobs later in the week.

But sometimes, a meal needs to be bulked up with some "oomph!" , which veggies, grains, or legumes can't provide ... it needs some good, hearty tofu. A long time ago, I tried some tofu that was very, very dense ... almost "meat-like" in firmness and texture. It was dry-fried, I think, and it was covered in a spicy Moroccan-flavored paste. I have never been able to duplicate the firm-ness or texture of the tofu that I sampled ... whenever I cook tofu, it is usually spongy, too moist, and often will crumble apart ... and it still retains a lot of moisture from the package, making it taste watery, or like the water it was packaged in (instead of what I cook it with, which is what it is supposed to taste like!).

Vegetarians out there: what is your sure-fire way to produce perfect tofu? I know I must be doing something wrong ... I think my problem is that I am not draining it ... I am trying that today, but I have also heard that baking the moisture out, or freezing the block of tofu, will firm it up. How do you make excellent, dense tofu for your dishes?

35 Comments:

I'm not vegetarian and I don't eat much tofu ... but my favorite hearty vegetarian meal is home made falafel. No one leaves the table hungry or wanting for meat, no matter who I'm serving, when I bust that out. Mushrooms and beans can also take care of that for you, they are favorites of the increasing vegetarian fare in my usual recipe rotation.

I also await the tofu responses though, as I'm not that great with it myself.

I wrap it in a clean towel, put a plate on top, and set a kettle full of water on top of the plate. Let it sit for about 30 minutes. That will get out quite a bit of the moisture.

First off, make sure you're buying firm or extra firm tofu. Soft/silken tofu has other uses, but being dense is not its strength.

ProfessorChaos is right on with draining instructions. You can also freeze it, which will get out tons of moisture, but it also changes the texture of the tofu. Some people like it better, some don't.

Also, make sure to marinate it before you cook it so it can absorb some flavor. If frying, dust cubed tofu with a little cornstarch to get crisp edges. Those are all my secrets to delicious tofu!

Yes, drain the tofu! Are you pressing the tofu? I sometimes press it overnight when I want a really firm texture. Have you tried tempeh or seitan? Seitan in particular seems very meat-like.

Freezing it will give it a very chewy texture. Draining an extra-firm block of tofu is the first thing to do. I like to fry it in peanut oil at a low enough temperature that excess moisture can still escape in the cooking process, but high enough that it will turn brown. A good tip is to let it fry without moving it around too much. Then flip it when it's nice and golden.

for faster draining microwave the tofu for 3 min after wrapping in paper towels.
you could try Chinese smoked tofu. they are very firm.

For me tofu isn't really a meat substitute. It's good WITH meat (that way you eat less meat)!
I love ma po tofu and bacon-wrapped tofu.

My college cafeteria had this tasty dish; cold silken tofu topped with tender shredded chicken breast (sake-steamed) and julienne-d Japanese cucumber, served with peanut sauce. I can also eat a whole silken tofu with zasai (pickled mustard tuber, I don't know the real Chinese name). they go together so well...

also, "pickling" tofu blocks (after draining water first) in miso-mirin mixture for a couple of days draw moisture out and gives tofu a nice miso flavor.

There is a product called "pressed tofu." You can find it at Asian markets, more easily if that market is Chinese owned/operated or more international that smaller single-ethnicity markets (I'm thinking of my favorite Korean grocer who doesn't carry anything, but Korean or Japanese items/ingredients)
From the sound of your description, pressing tofu at home will not produce the same texture as the stuff that is sold as "pressed." You'll know it's the pressed kind bc it's not packed in water.

I just googled "pressed tofu" and found a bunch of cooking sites with recipes for pressed tofu. I also found that it can be found in health food stores, Japanese markets, Chinese markets, and international markets.

What I do a day ahead: Pop tofu out of container, and wrap it up with with paper towels (about 3 layers). Place tofu on a plate, then put another plate on top of it, and maybe a weight if the plate is too light. You'll have dense tofu by the morning.

If you deep fry this and serve it with a little bit of soysauce, grated ginger and scallions... OMG good. Or, cut it up into small cubes, deep fry it, and make a mock sweet-and-sour chicken (or general tso's chicken) with your favorite recipe.

You can buy freeze-dried tofu at Japanese markets. It's called "Kouya Tofu", usually used for stewed dishes.

Bacon-wrapped tofu? How do you make it?

The first time I ate tofu, I was six and lived in Japan. It was fried and crunchy but it was served in a bowl of soba. I thought it was fried Spam.

Yup, pressing it really helps, especially with slicing.

buy firm or extra firm tofu...

then you cut it into pieces and squeeze the moisture out of it... place it in a sheet pan lined with a few layers of paper towels, place the tofu pieces, cover with a few additional layers of paper towels. Place another sheet pan on top and weigh down with a few dictionaries or heavy books. Do this for about 1 hour and ay the 30 min mark, change the paper towels.

you can try these tofu recipes... cashew tofu stirfry, toston sandwich...

Madelyn
KarmaFreeCooking

@betteirene- bacon wrapped tofu is really good! but I like anything bacon-wrapped.. haha
I made it after seeing this post on JustHungry.

I'm with wookie - it sounds like you want pressed tofu; it's much denser than firm or extra firm tofu. You can find it in Asian supermarkets, and it's sort of vacuum packed in plastic with just a little bit of liquid.

Thanks for all of the responses, everyone!

As many of you have hinted at, I think the problem is that there is still too much liquid in the tofu to create that dense, chewy texture I was after.

So today, I'm trying to use all of the techniques mentioned here. I have about 3/4 of a block, and I have cut the tofu into small triangles, and wrapped them in paper towels. I have placed a plate with my fruitbowl on top, and have let that sit for most of the day (probably 9-10 hours) ... already, I can see quite a pool underneath that thing!

I'm thinking of trying to make the densest tofu possible the first time, and then improve upon the methods later ... so I think I am also going to try freezing it after all of the liquid has been pressed out.

I will also try and find "pressed tofu" the next time I am at Uwajimaya (Lucky me, living in Beaverton!)

One question: After the tofu has been pressed, and all of the liquid has been seeped out ... wouldn't marinating the tofu kind of "undo" the pressing part? I mean, I wanted to get all of the liquid out ... marinating it will give the tofu a lot of flavor, I'm sure, but won't the block then suck back alot of liquid?

Thanks for all of the input!

@joyyy: Falafal is great! Thanks for reminding me!

Funny story about falafal ... the first time I made this was actually when I was teaching someone (a college friend, who was also my roommate for that year) how to cook. I knew how to cook well, but not many vegetarian dishes; she didn't know how to cook, but was a vegetarian (Sort of ... not a very orthodox one, at least. I remember seeing her, after a few drinks, wolf down a sausage bratwurst at a downtown alley vendor cart after midnight ...). So I agreed to teach her to cook, while I would learn new vegetarian things to cook, and falafal was the first thing we made. It turned out great! I thought we were going to have a kind of tradition going, but after the following week's "gnochhi-disaster mess" ... we kind of dropped it.

You also might like Alton Brown's "Filet 'o Fu"...

http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/alton-brown/fillet-ofu-recipe/index.html

Then take the result and toss it with some julienned veggies of your choice.

Marinating will add some moisture, but you don't marinate tofu like you would a london broil; think of it more like fish, with a rather quick marinade of maybe an hour. In addition, you don't really want *all* of the liquid to be pressed out of the tofu, otherwise you'd be stuck with curds of hard crumbly soybean paste, not very appetizing. Marinating it essentially pulls some of the packaging liquid out and replaces it with flavorful liquid.

This Can't Be Tofu! has a helpful section on the different types of tofu and how to use them.

I make a wonderful falafel. I also make lots of no meat meals. I however will not eat any damn tofu. We did a nice eggplant griglio parmesan al forno this weekend, no meat in it at all. I served it with gnocchi.

@ ajbetz, I was at a middle eastern lunch place in downtown Boston frequented by the assorted tools of the financial district one midday and I heard a banker ask his friend what part of the animal he supposed falafels came from.

maybe you should try using tempeh which is like tofu, but is much firmer and heartier.

firm tofu, or use dried tofu skins. its very chew and nommmmy and soaks up flavors wells =]

I agree with those who press and then fry the tofu (I do mine in a non-stick skillet with a tiny bit of oil). I also second the person who suggested seitan. I admit, I haven't eaten real meat in quite some time, but the first time I tried seitan (in a stir-fry), I had to do a double-take (double-taste?) to make sure someone hadn't slipped me a piece of chicken!

While pressing tofu and freezing it both really help with firming up the tofu, if you don't have the forethought (which I often dont) I think baking tofu works like a charm. You just need to put enough olive oil in the dish so it will crisp up. And as always with tofu, cook it longer than you think.

I actually like tempeh a little bit more than tofu (well, at least the tofu I make ... which isn't all that great). It is a lot denser, and it has a pleasant 'nutty' flavor (nutty would be the best way to describe it). Whole Foods has 8 oz. tempeh packs that are pretty inexpensive ... I think for around $2, and that can easily feed 2 people when mixed with something like noodles or veggies. They are unflavored, which is great because I can season it any way that I want to. The seasoned or marinated tofus and tempehs in the health-food sections of grocery stores look tasty, but unfortunately can sometimes cost as much as a New-York strip steak!

I don't think I've ever had seitan, but it sounds pretty interesting, especially since it appears to be made from gluten / wheat flour (which, for some reason, I always have on hand), and since I can make it at home without any special equipment ... I'll have to buy a bag of wheat flour and give it a go!

after ten+ years of being vegetarian, the best luck i ever had with pressing tofu was recently when i so brilliantly forgot about a block i had pressing in a colander on the counter- when i remembered it the next morning, it was more than good to go! i also have better (more crunch, less sponge) results on the grill when i use little marinade and more dry rub to flavor it.

all that being said, however, i tried for years to make the perfect veggie version of my hometown's local specialty, speidies (basically a marinated chicken/pork kebob- but soooo much more!), and nothing compares to seitan on the grill. the oil in the marinade frazzles the irregular edges into yummy crunchiness you would be hard-pressed (har) to get with tofu, and it generally comes already marinated so you have no bland-ness to press out before you begin! which, i find, is generally a good place to be in.

seriously, seitan.

@ajbetz - DON'T buy wheat to make seitan, unless you want to spend a few hours washing it under running water. This old-fashioned process is supposed to make the tastiest seitan, but requires lots of patience. Just buy vital wheat gluten, which is often used in baking bread, so it's pretty common. I really like the recipe for Italian seitan sausages that Julie Hasson put up on Everyday dish.

All good suggestions above, I have 2 to add.

I've found my favorite tofu that is definitely very 'meaty' is the high protein tofu from Trader Joe's. It's shrink wrapped with just a tiny bit of water/brine, and is so dense, needs no draining (other than letting the water run out as you open the package)

And for making this or any other firm tofu a nicer texture, frying is great but sort of messy and a pain (for me) so I bake/roast it. Slice into your desired shape/size and bake on a greased sheet until it's browned on each side. Nearly as tasty as fried, but no mess.

Found out on wikipedia: seitan prouncounced "Say-ten", or "satan" ... would you say it is "sinfully delicious"?

(Har, har...)

here's a link to a previous thread on freezing tofu that might be helpful thread on defrosting tofu.

Just to keep things going ...

I found out a little more about seitan making / purchasing ... apparently, seitan (or sub-forms of it) are used as ingredients in many commercial vegetarian offerings; it is used in many of the products by Morningstar, and it is the principal ingredient of "Tofurky" (Funny, because I thought tofurky would be tofu-based). At least now I can be a little more comfortable with the idea of "wheat meat" ... a couple years ago, as an experiment, my wife and I tried one of these tofurky loaves (terrines is a more accurate description for them), and I really, really enjoyed it! I was skeptical at first, but that's probably why many people don't buy them ... not because they taste bad.

drain tofu for a couple hours if its the drippy kind or an hour if its pretty dry.
sprinkle with a teaspoon of cornstarch and soy flour.
fry it.
it turns out like the wrinkly tofu you get with veggies in chinese restaurants.

All I can contribute is the time my Mom & I put tofu in stir-fry and told me Dad it was tofu. He called the "chicken" delicious and is none the wiser 10 years later.

Take a block of extra firm tofu and drain & blot, then dice it into, well, dice sized cubes. I bury them in a bowl under a ton of my brown sauce of choice - oyster, A-1, worchester, etc. Put them out of that stuff after a day or two in the fridge, and fry them sorta crispy in a pan with a little butter [or better yet, bacon grease]. I then set them aside and use them as croutons in a salad or stir fry or such. Tofu for carnivores.

Im so lucky that I'm a meatlover who loves meat substitutes!

I just buy firm tofu, soak it in soy sauce (or something), roll in pepper flakes, then fry for a few minutes in a stir-fry. If I don't cook it long enough, it's not the best, but if it gets a good bit of heat it sounds like the way you describe the tofu you like.

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