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Have Child Food Allergy Sufferers Found Their Erin Brockovich?

20080109-peanuts.jpgI've now read Kim Severson's piece on child food allergy conspiracy theorist Robyn O'Brien twice, and I'm still not sure if O'Brien is a righteous crusader or a nutty zealot.

Here's the essence of the story:

[O'Brien's] theory—that the food supply is being manipulated with additives, genetic modification, hormones, and herbicides, causing increases in allergies, autism, and other disorders in children—is not supported by leading researchers or the largest allergy advocacy groups.

On such an emotionally freighted issue it's hard to figure out who's right and who's wrong.

What do Serious Eaters think?

21 Comments:

Before getting into whether there is any evidence for the additive effect the first question to ask is why would these things cause allergy or autism in the first place. No good reason to suppose that they would. This is the sort of thinking that blamed lunar effects for craziness (lunacy) and hysteria on the presence of a uterus. Made sense to somebody back then, but there is no reason to believe it.

It depends on whether you refer to the real Erin Brockovich or the media version.

I'd reply "no" to both, but for opposite reasons.

I think this sentence answers the question for me:

“You don’t have to be a doctor or a scientist to look into whether our food supply is safe,” she said.

Ummm, yes you do.

I always find it funny the times when the need for scientific proof are identified, and the times where they aren't. If that quote was rephrased to read "leading researchers haven't yet investigated whether there is a direct link between hormones (for example) added to food and allergies" it would leave a quite different impression than the very common "there is no evidence to support". And yet those are saying essentially the same things. Just because there is no evidence for a thing it doesn't mean it isn't so. Some of the time (not here) it means it has been investigated and not found, but most of the time it means no-one has looked.

I agree that there are far too many additives in processed food. Soy and corn are cheap, subsidized ingredients that act as filler and appear in an amazing number of different variations. They even derive ascorbic acid (vitamin C) from corn. Do these kind of additives cause allergies and autism? I don't know. I don't think anyone knows.

That said, food allergies themselves have become a source of irrational commotion. Meredith Broussard's food allergy hysteria piece in Harper's this month seriously rocks on the myth-busting front. Too bad nobody reads Harper's.

She does have anecdotal evidence that cutting out processed foods improved the health of her own children. If frustrated people dealing with food allergies try limiting processed foods, they're not harming anyone. Even if it has nothing to do with allergies, there are other health benefits to eating a more natural diet.

We do know that overexposure to certain foods can lead to food sensitivities, and there's no question that we eat far fewer plant varieties than we did years ago. Most of the corn Americans eat is the same Roundup Ready variety, and it's in *so* much of the food-- is it any wonder that such things might lead to an increase in food allergies?

In addition, there's the issue of pesticides and mixed chemical exposures. The problem is that there's really no way to structure a study to determine exactly what impact the chemicals we are exposed to have on us- we are exposed to so many, in our food, our water, and our surroundings, and we don't even know what some of them are, how they interact and in what amounts we are exposed. You can study combinations of one or two chemicals, but the indeterminate brew? Not so much. There's just no practical way to do it.

So we have a situation where science is of limited use-- we don't have the capacity to use it to find out exactly what's going on, so all we can do is look at the results it's getting us and ask why this is happening and if perhaps we should maybe try to keep food additives, pesticides and other chemicals to an absolute minimum until we *can* know how they affect us.

And if you've ever lived with a life-threatening food allergy, if you or your child has been through anaphylaxis, you know exactly how important it is not to downplay food allergy issues.

Right, so there must be thousands of kids in the ghetto, whose parents are not financial analysts, who do not eat Michael Pollan approved foods, those kids must be dropping like flies due to these food allergies.

Maybe X-Men the movie will soon be a reality, all these genetically mutated food wrecking havoc on us all.

I found this person to be very reactionary. First of all, the whole sale dismissal or all "chemicals" in food is silly. It is far more intelligent to learn exactly what all those things that you can't pronounce are. To dismiss something because you can't pronounce the name is just...well it's just dumb. Learn what it is and what it does. Some additives are perfectly safe and have been used in food for years (yes, even the ones that have funny names like xantham), some hormones like the bovine growth hormone added to most of our beef and milk supply has been shown in real scientific studies to cause cancer (So stay away from that one). The only way to determine this is by doing a little leg work yourself.

Also, this woman decided that all kids allergies were caused by "chemicals", because her kids had an allergic reaction. If anyone took any logic classes in college, they will know that she took a specific instance and generalized about the entire population based on that specific instance. This is called a logical fallacy and is an error in her reasoning, a bad thought process if you will.

People just need to work a little harder in the grocery store. If you come across something that you don't know the name of, look it up. It's not difficult to learn what different additives do.

And despite her thinking that you don't need to be a scientist to know what's going on, YOU DO!! You do need to be a scientist! Without a scientific study, you are just taking shots in the dark.

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According to the Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network, about 150-200 deaths a year, plus 30,000 ER visits. (http://www.foodallergy.org/media/MediaQA.pdf) And yes, food allergies are more common in children, and yes, lack of health insurance and access to medical care is a risk factor in just about all medical conditions. And yes, asthma and allergies are both found at higher rates in children who live in polluted cities-- they're high in NYC and they're skyrocketing in Indian cities, where pollution is rising dramatically. Hilarious.

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Wouldn't it also be intelligent to find out what all those things you can't pronounce do when mixed with one another in the human body, perhaps before adding them to the food supply?

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Why is this responsibility placed on the consumer? Not all consumers are highly educated, and this information isn't taught in public schools. Not to mention the fact that many of the most adulterated foods are marketed directly to children. Shouldn't it be the responsibility of the companies doing the adulteration to prove the safety of their additives before unleashing them on an unsuspecting public?

Argh, I guess that wasn't the best way to tag quotes. That was in response to foodinmouth and brandonphx.

(resolves to use real HTML in future)

The idea that no evidence and a lack of research are the same is not a good argment in favor of further research. As a researcher, I agree that simply because we don't have the imagination or knowledge to link substance A to effect B does not mean it isn't worth looking at. There is simply too much we do no know to say, "I am smart enought to have throught of any danger that substance A might cause." Similarly, somethings that have not been researched don't have to be. I am sure no scientist has explore the idea of the spaghetti monster being involved in bacterial evolution. Likewise, it is not likely that chocolate causes chickenpox. Just because some activist tries to link two things (ie autism and immunizations) does not make it real. Further, just because there are no studies done yet does not mean that the "medical establishment" refuses to explore the issue.

It would take hundreds of thousands of people to accurately determine if a given food additive causes an allergy. It gets even more difficult (read expensive) to do so in a complicated picture with multiple additives in a mixed genetic background. These are not simple questions. The best thing is to try to eat things that look like food and not like boxes of food. If it needs a label it probably isn't the healthiest.

"Why is this responsibility placed on the consumer? Not all consumers are highly educated, and this information isn't taught in public schools. Not to mention the fact that many of the most adulterated foods are marketed directly to children. Shouldn't it be the responsibility of the companies doing the adulteration to prove the safety of their additives before unleashing them on an unsuspecting public?"

It's the consumer's responsibility because the FDA has a long history of not working. I guess we can all wait for them to start doing due proper research before approving products for use, but I'm not holding my breath. I prefer a proactive approach to learning what things are and staying away from things that I think may be harmful. This would be especially true if I had kids, at the end of the day, it's the parent's responsibly to take care of the kids, not the governments.

therealpotato:

"asthma and allergies are both found at higher rates in children who live in polluted cities."

Yes it is important to compare statistics. However your assertion only will prove worthwhile if it is asthma and allergies per capita. NYC is a huge metropolis. Also, comparing allergy rates of India versus the States is a weird thing to do, since poverty rates are insanely high in India.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_in_India

Plus, this is on top of the fact that you missed the point of my comment. The point is not whether this is hilarious. The point is there are zealots out there crusading a cause without numbers to back them up. You cannot just say, "Oh my theory is that additives cause allergies." The point is that who can afford to eat foods without additives? Who has the resources to learn about these things? Who the f^&* has time to do that when all you care about is putting food on the table. The point is if this is such a epidemic then you would certainly see an increase in the segment of the population where people have less resources, time, and money towards the great good dictated by Michael Pollan.

I am not so insensitive as to suggest it is in any bit humorous individuals die from food allergies, I am just saying, sometimes rich people have too much goddamn time on their hands to figure out what they want to eat, and post on internet bulletin boards.

I do think the perception of an increase in food allergies is more likely due to the increase in media coverage. We already know the feeling that we really need to find something to post, imagine the urgency felt by those with the overhead of a television studio. It's good for people to understand the problem as it exists, but I think there can be a temptation to make it seem worse than it is

foodinmouth and brandonphx, I think then the issue becomes whether clean food is a social cause worth fighting for. I know that I personally DO make it a point to learn about what additives are and to take care with what I eat-- but I also think that food manufacturers' greed shouldn't trump the health of the populace. Yes, the FDA and USDA are ineffective-- why? Because they're blocked at every turn by corporate lobbyists. Read Marion Nestle's "Food Politics" to get an idea of how this works. It's not just a matter of individual decisions-- we can control what we buy, but not what appears on the shelf.

I find her message very opportunistic. It is too easy to point a finger at the food industry. Why stop at processed food? What about pollution from all the soccer moms tooling around town in SUVs and minivans? What about all the scents and coloring in shampoo and soaps? Flame retardants anyone? Lead in paints on toys? Mold? Diet soda when pregnant or nursing? Dyes on clothes? Microwaves…the list is endless. Point the finger at any and all modern conveniences.

As a mother of two without allergies, I follow my own version of Michael Pollan’s commandments. My number one priority is to generally avoid “kid” foods. I don’t want my two to develop a sweet and salty McPalette. They eat what adults eat minus the super spicy. Fortunately, we live in California so sushi eating kids aren’t considered too weird. On the other hand, I don’t want to be draconian so they do get the occasional trip to McDonalds or In and Out.

After all, they really should deliver children with instructions so we could avoid parental mistakes that cause allergies and such ; )

I spent my childhood in China, where I ate no packaged food for the first decade of my life. My friends and neighbors were the same...everybody cooked everything from scratch all the time.

Within my circle of friends---and there were many---I didn't know anybody with allergies or asthma. In fact, I've never seen an inhaler until I came to the U.S. and it puzzled me for the longest time. We were all hearty kids and grew up to be healthy.

All I know is, a homegrown tomato and a chicken raised by love and care taste better and provide more nutrition than anything with HFCS. And variety matters. The more variety of food kids eat, the better for their health. I don't have lactose intolerance or acid reflux or get an upset stomach whenever there is "exotic" spices.

I trust my body and my personal experience. I don't need scientific experiments to tell me what's good for my health.

Of course it is impossible for the ordinary person to prove this one way or the other. I offer anecdotal evidence. I left the US 7 years ago told I had few years left because of an autoimmune complex had developed. Where I live hormones in the food and antibiotics are illegal. Packaged foods are rare. The consumption of fresh from raw vegetables and fruits is the norm.

Within a couple of years it became clear to me that I would outlive my money. I went back to school and have begun a new career. I'm not cured of all the damages I suffered before, but the whole thing has just stopped as far as can be tested.

I do believe the food supply in the US is doing us harm. How much harm and what kind I can't specify. I'm not starting a campaign decrying the whole system, because I haven't the scientific background to present facts or run controlled experiments, but I use every opportunity to wean people from processed, packaged, treated and hormone-pushed food. Better 100 g of clean meat than a 12 ounce steak full of crap-- and that could be literal.

Makes sense that "we are what we eat" and certainly there was a link found between artificial food dye and hyperactivity. But, because research on these topics is not profitable (and jeopardizes billions in food industry profits) it is not funded, and historically discouraged. For example, researchers knew in the 1950s that transfats were harmful. It's taken fifty years and much health damage for the bans to begin. That said, just spouting paranoia and beliefs without proof never does an issue good. It just makes the status quo look less questionable to the general public. There are many harmful food additives, proven carcinogens in some cases, that the FDA allows to be used. http://expatriateskitchen.blogspot.com/2007/09/you-want-butylated-hydroxyanisole-with.html

As a Registered Nurse and a first hand food allergy sufferer with 2 Anaphylaxis reactions under my belt, I can tell you that one must first take responsiblity for ones own health. By accepting your diagnosis then you can move on to managing your condition rather than having your condition manage you. Second, the use of practical and common sense is essential when dealing with food allergies. While we all agree that there are too many "additives, preservatives, hormones, etc" in our foods, the consumption of organic fresh fruits and vegetables is better for your overall health and a must for those with food allergies.
Working with many Doctors, I have discussed the growing cases of childhood allergies and asthma. Some of the commpn things from multiple healthcare providers that keep coming up are: Parents must wake up and realize that taking short cuts as time savers affects our childrens long term health. Starting babies on cereal at a few weeks to a few months is too soon and their digestive systems aren't developed enough to handle yet. Giving children under the age of 2 any peanut product is putting them at a very high risk of serious allergic reaction. While most people wouldn't hand a toddler a snickers, You would be suprised how many children come into the ER due to PB&J's. Then there is the fact that peanuts and soybeans are in everything from food additives to make up. Since we no longer grow our own food, we have to be prudent in reading labels, researching food products, and using basic common sense when selecting our foods for our families. While a lot of parents opt for fixing fast and cost affective dinners out of boxes, I found it's just as fast, usually more inexpensive in the long run, to prepare dinner using fresh ingredients. While its good to be aware of what food producers are doing as cost cutters, again, we have to realistic in our choices of time and money management as well as our own healthcare. Are we just too lazy to cook? While going through the drive in may seem time saving, how are we going to learn what our children and their friends are into when they are ripping into paper bags in the back seat of our automobiles. What ARE we putting into our precious childrens body when we opt for those fast packaged boxed or frozen dinners? I love my internet, dish network, advances in medicine, and all the opportunity and convience technology has given us, But I still take time to consider what a convience really is to me. I accept responsibility for MY choices, good or bad and I honestly enjoy teaching my son the skills in buying and preparing good food. For example, I personally believe butter is better for you over margarine, but I limit the amount and frequency we have it. I know Im allergic to soybeans, so I stay away from prepacked foods, and in a respectful manner, question foods I am unfamilar with. I in no way intend my personal views as an attack on anyone elses beliefs, however I do feel that some seem to jump on the blame wagon, the why me's, and the I can't because I have..... and as a member of the health care field...these excuses, that are seen over and over have become intolerably worn out.

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