Cook's Illustrated's Foolproof Pie Dough
When we talked to Cook's Illustrated publisher Chris Kimball about the November 2007 issue of the magazine, we asked what recipes really stood out in it this year. This pie crust is one of them, he said. "It's a brilliant recipe," Kimball said. "The secret ingredient in it? Vodka."
Foolproof Pie Dough
- makes one 9-inch double-crust pie -
The trick to this pie crust is the inclusion of vodka. Eighty-proof vodka, which is 60 percent water and 40 percent alcohol, adds moistness to the dough without aiding in gluten formation since gluten doesn't form in ethanol. Although the recipe includes 8 tablespoons of liquid, the alcohol vaporizes during baking, resulting in a tender crust that only contains 6 1/2 tablespoons of water. Because of the extra liquid, the dough will be moister than most standard pie doughs and will require up to 1/4 cup more flour.
Ingredients
2 1/2 cups (12 1/2 ounces) unbleached all-purpose flour
1 teaspoon table salt
2 tablespoons sugar
12 tablespoons (1 1/2 sticks) cold unsalted butter, cut into 1/4-inch slices
1/2 cup cold vegetable shortening, cut into 4 pieces
1/4 cup cold vodka
1/4 cup cold water
Procedure
1. Process 1 1/2 cups flour, salt, and sugar in food processor until combined, about 2 one-second pulses. Add butter and shortening and process until homogeneous dough just starts to collect in uneven clumps, about 15 seconds (dough will resemble cottage cheese curds and there should be no uncoated flour). Scrape bowl with rubber spatula and redistribute dough evenly around processor blade. Add remaining cup flour and pulse until mixture is evenly distributed around bowl and mass of dough has been broken up, 4 to 6 quick pulses. Empty mixture into medium bowl.
2. Sprinkle vodka and water over mixture. With rubber spatula, use folding motion to mix, pressing down on dough until dough is slightly tacky and sticks together. Divide dough into two even balls and flatten each into 4-inch disk. Wrap each in plastic wrap and refrigerate at least 45 minutes or up to 2 days.
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36 Comments:
Fantastic, who would have ever thought about the vodka?
How did Kimball get this info, did somebody else suggest it? Was it an accident? Or did they actually think about the science of it to build the recipe around it?
Although I would love to give the credit to Cooks Illustrated my sneaky suspicion is that they heard this tip elsewhere and then investigated it...but I could be wrong!
Anyways...good job!
...cook, chef, culinary sponge, traveler, volunteer, missionary.
tyronebcookin
tyronebcookin at 8:54AM on 11/09/07
My money is on Chris Kimball and the CI team coming up with this one and perfecting it on their own--they are just that good with the science of cooking. I can't want to try this out!
PAWriter at 2:47PM on 11/09/07
I tried this recipe when the issue first came out, and I was stunned at how well it worked. It was certainly slightly disconcerting to process the fat so much, then add so much liquid into the other ingredients. My main pie crust recipe for ages was the previous one that CI had published (I finally figured out how to do pie crust from them).
When I pulled it out of the fridge after resting overnight, I rolled it out. The almost fondant-like feel of the rolled out dough really made me skeptical that it would be anywhere near as flaky and tender as my normal crust. It didn't tear at all and draped like a dream in the pie pan. I baked a pumpkin pie and just sprinkled the leftover dough with cinnamon sugar and baked. We ate the leftover dough first when it was done, and they were insanely good. The crust on the pie was the same, with plenty of sturdiness to serve the pie.
This recipe, particularly along with the explanation of their technique and science behind it, is the reason I still subscribe to Cook's Illustrated!
proccers at 4:30PM on 11/09/07
I wonder what it would be like to use flavored vodkas, such as vanilla, fruit flavors, or even pepper vodka for savory pies and tarts............. I bet it works really well.
seyo at 12:10PM on 11/13/07
sounds good. we can use any type of vodka?
lawtonchiles at 5:56PM on 11/19/07
mine was really wet I used artisan organic flour 3 g protein is it suppose to be this wet?
Nourishment at 10:22PM on 11/21/07
I made this recipe at Thanksgiving. the dough was very moist and pretty hard to work with but I rolled it out between two sheets of waxed paper which worked pretty well. It was, by far, the flakiest pie crust I've ever made! I'm sure I'll make it again.
Stephanie at 12:04AM on 12/15/07
Has anyone tried this with gluten-free flour?
PerkyMac at 2:57PM on 01/23/08
I tried this recently, and chickened out once I'd added 3/4 of the vodka/water. It turned out perfectly.
zamboni at 2:36PM on 07/25/08
would we have the same of ok results if we just use butter ?
sjisland girl at 2:23PM on 09/23/08
I refuse to use shortening so I make this with all butter and it comes out awesome. Like Zamboni, I chickened out the first time I made this and added only 2 tablespoons of the ice water because I was freaked out by how moist the dough was - the crust came out insanely flaky. The 2nd time I added 3 tablespoons to make the dough easier to work with and it was perfect. I've made it 4 times to date and I simply refuse to use the full 1/4 cup! I don't think you really need that last tablespoon; maybe it's the pie crust snob in me not wanting to work with a completely smooth dough.
BTW, I think they really do have scientists on staff there - I saw a posting for an (unpaid) internship there a while back that required that the person have some background in science (which I have). I wanted the internship so badly but the fact that I have to pay rent and bills made me forget it quickly!
charm city cupcake at 11:26PM on 11/24/08
I won't make this pie crust again. I followed the directions and used the exact ingredients including unsalted butter. When I at a piece of my pecan pie, the butter dominated the flavor of the pie and the pie crust. My purpose in making a pie is to have the filling be the primary taste, not the crust. The pecan filling leaked out the bottom causing the bottom crust to be doughy. I feel that I wasted 1 1/2 cups of butter and 2 cups of fresh pecans. I made another crust with just shortening using my old standby recipe. It rolled out beautifully and handled far better than the CI crust. This pie crust recipe just wasn't impressive to me. Using vodka is a gimmick, not a tried and true ingredient, as shown by the hundreds of pie crust recipes available that don't use vodka.
doryjunebug at 4:20PM on 11/26/08
I just tried this recipe for Thanksgiving 2008. Wow, I really loved it. I didn't feel the dough was too sticky at all but then again my mom's recipe used an egg and was always VERY sticky.
I love this recipe...i.e. how it rolls out, how it tastes, it is so flaky and easy to make. Definately go the route of using wax paper to roll out, I've been using that method for 25+ years and that really makes it stress free.
Tossing my old recipe for good! This one is MUCH better.
pcymbala at 12:10PM on 12/01/08
p.s. I do think it does have a buttery taste so next time I will use a bit less. I think this would be great for quiche too.
pcymbala at 12:12PM on 12/01/08
I finally make this crust. WOW! I've been making good pie crust for 45 years and was absolutely blown away by this one--as was my husband. It youwas beautiful to work with!!
Thank you!
pielady at 3:31PM on 02/19/09
@tyronebcookin
That was actually a recipe that I developed here at Cook's. Completely our idea, arrived at through rigorous testing and thinking about the science of pie crusts! It took over a hundred individual tests before arriving at a solution that worked.
J. Kenji Lopez-Alt at 1:01PM on 03/16/09
I love this pie crust!!!!!!!!! I made some changes though... Since i'm not a big fan of shortening, i simply replaced the 1/2 cup shortening with 1/2 cup butter, used only 1/2 tsp salt and omitted the sugar. I think because of the extra water from the butter that replaces the shortening, I don't use the full amount of vodka/water mixture. Whatever vodka/water mixture i have left over, I simply store in the freezer. The sugar makes the crust brown too quickly and the full amount of salt made the crust way too salty for my taste. This dough is a joy to work with, almost like playdough. warning... the raw dough tastes awful. Thanks for this recipe with all my heart and soul!!!!!!!!!!!!!
cmocva at 7:55PM on 04/11/09
Could someone please recommend a temperature and time to bake this pie crust? I tried this pie crust today following the baking instructions from my rhubarb pie recipe which specified 30-minutes at 450-degrees. The crust turned out way too dark.
dkim68 at 3:28PM on 07/16/09
dkim68: The July/August 2008 issue of CI is for blueberry pie and bakes it for the first 30 minutes at 400, then decreases the temp to 350 for the remaining 30-40 minutes. I made it last fall and the crust didn't get too dark. But usually I just make it to bake plain with sugar & cinamon, it's that fantastic!!!!!!
cjavel at 11:09PM on 07/16/09
Thanks, cjavel. I'll try that. Another thing that probably affected my results was I did not chill the dough prior to baking. I think if it's at room temperature it probably turns darker much sooner, as well as not being as flaky as it could've been had I put in the oven cold.
dkim68 at 4:38PM on 08/04/09
cjavel, that worked! Baking it per your instructions above resulted in a perfect golden brown crust. Thank you very much!
dkim68 at 3:07PM on 08/09/09
Forgive this long comment! I'm hoping it will be helpful. My daughter and I made three savory pies yesterday (we made beef pies, like a Cornish pasty--finely diced beef, grated potatoes and onions). Both my daughter and I make very good pie crusts--I have 50 years of experience--but we are often frustrated at the inconsistencies and the problem of just the right moisture to flour ratio to have dough that rolls out easily, is thick enough to work with and make nice fluted edges, and is both tender and flaky.
We followed this recipe and were thrilled with the results. Our "test kitchen" experiments in the process might be useful for responding to a couple of the comments here. 1.) Use very cold, unsalted butter as in the recipe. If you use salted butter for a pie crust, plus the recommended salt (or even reduced amounts or no salt) it will be too salty tasting for many people. 2.) We tried the full amount of sugar and also reducing the sugar. Even for a savory pie, we liked the full amount of sugar best. 3.) We used the full amount of water/vodka and also reduced amounts, to experiment. Yes, it looks sticky with the full amount, but remember that some of that moisture will go away in baking (that is the function of the alcohol.), so the extra is needed to have a moist,flaky crust, not a less moist, crumbling one. The extra moisture also allows for the use of extra flour in rolling, which is very handy. 4.) Chill this dough for several hours and work fast with it. The high fat content dough benefits from being very firm when you're starting to work. Otherwise you'll have a very soft dough that rolls out nicely but is difficult to pick up and place on the pie tin. (That is one advantage of a pastry cloth. You can pick the whole thing up and put it in the fridge for a moment to chill and firm, then go back to work on it.) This dough can be re-rolled easily without toughening, but still, work lightly. Use plenty of flour to keep it workable--we found it didn't dry the dough out or toughen it, as can happen with regular crusts. (The alcohol again) 5. This recipe gave us plenty of dough for easy rolling to the right size and with more than enough for a pretty fluted edge--no need for patching and no skimpy edges that need foil protection to keep them from browning too much. We chilled them about an hour before baking so the edges would keep their shape.
Taste test: All the pies were wonderful but the one made exactly according to the recipe--exactly--was voted the best by the taste-testers who didn't know how we had made them. Not much difference in any of them, but still, the exact recipe--full amount of liquid and sugar--was considered the most flaky, tender and flavorful. As a side note: Using a food processor made this very, very easy (We also followed the number of pulses as given in the recipe). But, it can be made without a processor if the same cutting and distributing motion is used to combine flour and fat. Baking at 325 degrees for about 1 1/2 hours cooked the meat and potato filling perfectly and produced a uniformly beautiful, golden brown and delicious tasting crust.
Try this recipe for your next pie and make it exactly according to the recipe, without fear. You can do it differently the next time if you want, but the first time, trust the recipe--developed by people with tremendous knowledge and skill and with a scientific not gimmicky reason for their suggestions--and I think you'll be very happy with the results.
Arietta at 7:01AM on 10/11/09
I've used this crust and had perfect results the very first time I made it. The second time was a failure but that was because I didn't have vodka and tried to substitute scotch. It completely overwhelmed the taste of the pie. So mad at myself for that one!
jenh718 at 4:54PM on 11/23/09
Just made two batches for my Thanksgiving tester pies - beautiful, beautiful crust. Perfect.
BangieB at 8:57PM on 11/23/09
I'm so glad this thread is still alive and kicking. Yay pie crust!
- Kenji
J. Kenji Lopez-Alt at 9:05PM on 11/23/09
Oh - I also wanted to add that I made my crusts completely by hand, with an old-school bladed pastry blender, and it still worked beautifully.
Yay pie crust!
BangieB at 1:58AM on 11/24/09
I used to always use the grocery store pie crusts because really, they aren't that bad, and they are consistent, and easy. I tried this recipe just for fun on an early thanksgiving pumpkin pie, and it was great! If anything, I'd probably make just a bit more crust than normal as I ran a little short, but I just used less filling (I use the big glass pie pans.)
I almost think it was better the next day!
freakyhair at 1:10PM on 11/24/09
Made the crust Sunday, changing it from shortening to lard, using salted butter instead of unsalted (and omitting salt from the recipe), and using vanilla vodka instead of regular (mainly because we didn't have any regular!).
I wrapped it in plastic wrap and let it sit until last night, and it worked perfectly -- no stickiness at all.
And the final result? Delicious and flaky.
pullthestars at 1:12PM on 11/24/09
I'm glad to hear the lard substitution turned out right. I did that too.
Now, I'm trying to figure out how to prebake the crusts for a pumpkin chiffon pie. Any suggestions?
stef717 at 1:53PM on 11/24/09
Probably line the pan with the dough, brush it with a slightly beaten egg white and prick the bottom. Line with parchment or wax paper and fill with dry beans, pushing them up the sides. Bake in a 425° oven for 15-20 minutes, remove paper and beans, continue baking for 5-15 minutes more or until desired color is achieved.
ChristinaINP at 12:23PM on 11/25/09
stef717: In the original recipe that subscribers can download from the CI website, it gives 3 additional steps for the recipe beyond what is printed here, and they may help you in your pre-baking endeavor. I've copied and pasted them below for you:
3. Adjust oven rack to lowest position, place rimmed baking sheet on oven rack, and heat oven to 425 degrees. Remove dough from refrigerator and roll out on generously floured (up to ¼ cup) work surface to 12-inch circle about 1/8 inch thick. Roll dough loosely around rolling pin and unroll into pie plate, leaving at least 1-inch overhang on each side. Working around circumference, ease dough into plate by gently lifting edge of dough with one hand while pressing into plate bottom with other hand. Leave overhanging dough in place; refrigerate until dough is firm, about 30 minutes.
4. Trim overhang to ½ inch beyond lip of pie plate. Fold overhang under itself; folded edge should be flush with edge of pie plate. Flute dough or press the tines of a fork against dough to flatten it against rim of pie plate. Refrigerate dough-lined plate until firm, about 15 minutes.
5. Remove pie pan from refrigerator, line crust with foil, and fill with pie weights or pennies. Bake for 15 minutes. Remove foil and weights, rotate plate, and bake for 5 to 10 minutes additional minutes until crust is golden brown and crisp.
LizLemon at 4:52PM on 11/25/09
I'm a pie crust disaster...apparently I'm the only person who didn't have success with this recipe!! Granted, I didn't use all the vodka/water from the recipe because it seemed like too much. I chilled the dough overnight but when I tried to roll it out, it crumbled and fell apart. Once it warmed up for a few minutes, it rolled out easier, but then stuck to the marble board and rolling pin!! My mom tried with the 2nd crust and the same thing happened! Help!!! I had so much hope that this recipe would solve my long-time pie crust issues. What did I do wrong? Should I have used all the liquid regardless of how moist the dough seemed?
SadieEats at 10:01PM on 11/29/09
@SadieEats
Yes, use all of the liquid - that's the whole point! It moistens the dough enough that the usual pie crust problem of crumbling when you roll it disappears. When you roll it out it should have the consistency of a sugar cookie dough (approximately). You can be generous with the flour when you roll it out - use up to 1/4 cup per crust on your board. Just be sure to brush the excess off your crust before putting it in the pie plate.
Kenji
J. Kenji Lopez-Alt at 10:12PM on 11/29/09
Have made this recipe numerous times since it came out in the magazine, after using Julia Child's pate brisee recipe religiously for 30 years. This recipe ROCKS. I do knead in a little extra flour (maybe 1/3 c.) after refrigerating to aid in rolling, and the crust turns out flaky and just excellent in every way.
I didn't think of using flavored vodka until seeing these posts -- what a great idea!
Letley at 12:06PM on 12/02/09
I made this gluten free by using a classic gluten free mix (2c white rice flour, 2/3c potato starch, 1/3c tapioca starch), and 2.5Tsp of xanthum gum.
Came out great! Flaky, not crumbly or sandy.
peekpoke at 8:12PM on 12/24/09
I just found the same recipe in the the book 'The Best of America's Test Kitchen 2010' and was wondering about the addition of vodka. Glad to have found the Cook's Illustrated site for user comments - it always helps to hear what others think of a recipe BEFORE I try it. I think I'll have to give this one a try out of curiosity and because of my quest for the perfect pie crust.
java4me at 7:52PM on 12/26/09